Bifidobacteria
The friendly bacteria supporting immune system development
1 September 2024
Introduction on HMOs
Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) are unique components of breast milk that play a crucial role in your baby's health. At Alba Health, we’re here to help you understand the science of HMOs in an easy and practical way. In this article, we'll explore:
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What HMOs are and their importance for your baby.
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How HMOs support your baby's gut microbiome and
overall development.
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The impact of genetics on HMO production and its importance.
The advantages of HMO-supplemented formulas for formula-fed babies.
What are HMOs?
Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) are among the most significant bioactive substances in human breast milk and are essential for developing a healthy gut microbiota in babies [1].
Key Facts About HMOs
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Abundance : HMOs are the third most abundant solid component in breast milk after lactose and lipids [2]. Indigestibility: Babies cannot digest HMOs. Instead, these sugars serve as prebiotics, nourishing beneficial gut bacteria [1],[3].
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Diversity : There are over 200 distinct types of HMOs, and their composition varies among women and throughout the lactation period [3],[4].
Feeding Specific Bacteria
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Selective Feeding : HMOs are like special food that only certain beneficial bacteria can eat. These include Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides, which have the right enzymes to break down these complex sugars [3].
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Species Specificity : Some Bifidobacterium species, such as B. longum subsp. infantis, B. bifidum, and B. breve, are particularly good at digesting HMOs and using them to grow [2].
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Supporting Gut Barrier : Akkermansia muciniphila is another beneficial bacteria that uses specific HMOs to strengthen the gut lining and improve overall health. This is especially helpful for babies born by cesarean section [5].
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